李庚,曹安业,窦林名,吕国伟,彭雨杰,郝琪,薛成春,谢永勤,史矿民

• 1:中国矿业大学矿业工程学院
• 2:中国矿业大学深部煤炭资源开采教育部重点实验室
• 3:新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院
• 4:上海大屯能源股份有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

针对我国西北部矿区受水平构造应力影响严重,易在强动载扰动下诱发冲击地压灾害的问题,以某矿208工作面材料巷底板大面积冲击破坏为工程背景,运用相似试验、理论分析、数值模拟及工程试验等方法,基于弹性力学板壳理论与突变理论,分析了高构造应力和动载作用对巷道底板型冲击地压的影响机制,研究了底板冲击的爆破减冲原理,对比分析了有无底板爆破卸压措施对强动载扰动下高应力巷道围岩位移、巷表加速度和变形破坏动态响应特征的影响规律,研究了水平应力、炮孔角度、装药密度和不耦合系数对底板爆破卸压效果的影响,提出了针对强动载、高应力条件下较优的底板爆破参数。数值模拟结果表明:高水平应力易加剧巷道底板爆破卸压时非对称损伤而诱发冲击;炮孔角度的选择是爆破参数设计的前提,应当考虑炮孔角度与岩体的自然裂隙或层理面相适应,提升底板爆破卸压效果;不耦合系数取1.46左右时,损伤区及裂纹扩展长度较其他显著增大,爆破效果较优;装药密度与岩体损伤区、裂纹扩展长度及围岩应力呈正相关,但较大装药密度下的强化增幅并不明显。优化了强动载扰动下高应力巷道底板爆破卸压方案,现场试验后底板变形较参数未优化前降低了22%～61%;微震监测数据表明,优化爆破措施后煤层底板未发生1×105 J以上大能量事件,且底板微震事件占比显著降低,卸压效果较好。研究结果可为强动载扰动下高应力巷道底板爆破卸压参数设计提供参考。

关键词(KeyWords)： 动载扰动;水平应力;冲击地压;底板爆破;参数优化

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3004603);; 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274098);; 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划资助项目(KYCX23＿2797);; 中国矿业大学研究生创新计划资助项目(2023WLKXJ035)

作者(Author): 李庚,曹安业,窦林名,吕国伟,彭雨杰,郝琪,薛成春,谢永勤,史矿民

DOI: 10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1013

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